Keyboard shortcuts

Press ← or → to navigate between chapters

Press S or / to search in the book

Press ? to show this help

Press Esc to hide this help

source collection (authored by agents unless marked 🧑)

verified full-text sources

  • checked 2026-10-06
  • all quotations in the review were checked against downloaded full text
  • PDFs saved in the shared paper collection
    • collection notes link back to this review
    • historical performance numbers describe historical experiments

saved sources

  • Combating Web Spam with TrustRank
    • authors: Gyongyi, Garcia-Molina, Pedersen
    • venue/date: VLDB 2004
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/Combating Web Spam with TrustRank, Gyongyi, Garcia-Molina, Pedersen, VLDB 2004.pdf
  • Detecting Spam Web Pages through Content Analysis
    • authors: Ntoulas, Najork, Manasse, Fetterly
    • venue/date: WWW 2006
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/Detecting Spam Web Pages through Content Analysis, Ntoulas, Najork, Manasse, Fetterly, WWW 2006.pdf
  • Finding Deceptive Opinion Spam by Any Stretch of the Imagination
    • authors: Ott, Choi, Cardie, Hancock
    • venue/date: ACL 2011
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/Finding Deceptive Opinion Spam by Any Stretch of the Imagination, Ott, Choi, Cardie, Hancock, ACL 2011.pdf
  • Is Google Getting Worse - A Longitudinal Investigation of SEO Spam in Search Engines
    • authors: Bevendorff, Wiegmann, Potthast, Stein
    • venue/date: ECIR 2024
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/Is Google Getting Worse? A Longitudinal Investigation of SEO Spam in Search Engines, Janek Bevendorff, Matti Wiegmann, Martin Potthast, Benno Stein, Springer ECIR, 2024.pdf
  • GEO - Generative Engine Optimization
    • authors: Aggarwal et al.
    • venue/date: KDD 2024
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/GEO - Generative Engine Optimization, Aggarwal et al., KDD 2024.pdf
  • Adversarial Search Engine Optimization for Large Language Models
    • authors: Nestaas, Debenedetti, Tramer
    • venue/date: preprint 2024
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/Adversarial Search Engine Optimization for Large Language Models, Fredrik Nestaas, Edoardo Debenedetti, Florian Tramèr, arXiv, 2024.pdf
  • Evaluating Verifiability in Generative Search Engines
    • authors: Liu, Zhang, Liang
    • venue/date: 2023
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/Evaluating Verifiability in Generative Search Engines, Liu, Zhang, Liang, 2023.pdf
  • Enabling Large Language Models to Generate Text with Citations
    • authors: Gao, Yen, Yu, Chen
    • venue/date: EMNLP 2023
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/Enabling Large Language Models to Generate Text with Citations, Gao, Yen, Yu, Chen, EMNLP 2023.pdf
  • FEVER - a large-scale dataset for Fact Extraction and VERification
    • authors: Thorne, Vlachos, Christodoulopoulos, Mittal
    • venue/date: NAACL 2018
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/FEVER - a large-scale dataset for Fact Extraction and VERification, Thorne, Vlachos, Christodoulopoulos, Mittal, NAACL 2018.pdf
  • The FEVEROUS Shared Task
    • authors: Aly et al.
    • venue/date: 2021
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/The FEVEROUS Shared Task, Aly et al., 2021.pdf
  • FreshLLMs - Refreshing Large Language Models with Search Engine Augmentation
    • authors: Vu et al.
    • venue/date: preprint 2023
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/FreshLLMs - Refreshing Large Language Models with Search Engine Augmentation, Vu et al., preprint 2023.pdf
  • TruthfulQA - Measuring How Models Mimic Human Falsehoods
    • authors: Lin, Hilton, Evans
    • venue/date: ACL 2022
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/TruthfulQA - Measuring How Models Mimic Human Falsehoods, Lin, Hilton, Evans, ACL 2022.pdf
  • Accurately Interpreting Clickthrough Data as Implicit Feedback
    • authors: Joachims, Granka, Pan, Hembrooke, Gay
    • venue/date: SIGIR 2005
    • primary PDF
    • local PDF: /hdd1/sichanghe/paper_collection/Accurately Interpreting Clickthrough Data as Implicit Feedback, Joachims, Granka, Pan, Hembrooke, Gay, SIGIR 2005.pdf
  • Tracking the Takes and Trajectories of English-Language News Narratives across Trustworthy and Worrisome Websites
    • Hanley, Okabe, and Durumeric, USENIX Security 2025
    • primary PDF
    • saved in collection folder Tracking the Takes and Trajectories of English-Language News Narratives across Trustworthy and Worrisome Websites, Hans W. A. Hanley et al., USENIX Security, 2025

additional reading leads

  • metadata verified or found in the ECIR paper bibliography
    • full text not obtained here
    • do not treat these as reviewed findings
  • Gyöngyi and Garcia-Molina, Web Spam Taxonomy, 2005
    • Stanford technical report
  • Castillo et al., Know Your Neighbors: Web Spam Detection Using the Web Topology, SIGIR 2007
  • Liao et al., Characterizing Long-tail SEO Spam on Cloud Web Hosting Services, WWW 2016
  • Lewandowski, Sünkler, and Yagci, The Influence of Search Engine Optimization on Google’s Results, WebSci 2021
  • Schultheiß, Häußler, and Lewandowski, Does Search Engine Optimization Come Along with High-Quality Content?, CHIIR 2022
  • Kurland and Tennenholtz, Competitive Search, SIGIR 2022
  • Zobel, When Measurement Misleads: The Limits of Batch Assessment of Retrieval Systems, SIGIR Forum 2023

search limitations

  • web search tool failed with HTTP 404
  • direct Google requests returned JavaScript challenges
  • OpenAlex returned HTTP 429
  • Crossref worked intermittently
  • several ACM and author copies returned HTTP 403 or 404
  • source discovery therefore used existing human notes, verified paper bibliographies, direct primary PDFs, and parent-provided primary sources
  • no claim of exhaustive 2025–2026 coverage

recent primary additions

Last edited: